自耦變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)是一(yi)種(zhong)(zhong)特(te)殊的變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi),其工作原(yuan)理基于(yu)初(chu)級和次(ci)級繞組(zu)合并在同(tong)一(yi)條繞組(zu)上。這(zhe)種(zhong)(zhong)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)的主要特(te)點是副(fu)繞組(zu)是原(yuan)繞組(zu)的一(yi)部分(fen),或者原(yuan)繞組(zu)是副(fu)繞組(zu)的一(yi)部分(fen)。自耦變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)的繞組(zu)直接(jie)串聯,自行耦合,原(yuan)副(fu)邊有(you)直接(jie)電(dian)的聯系。因此(ci),自耦變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)的低壓(ya)(ya)(ya)線圈就(jiu)是高壓(ya)(ya)(ya)線圈的一(yi)部分(fen)。這(zhe)種(zhong)(zhong)結構使得自耦變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)具有(you)體(ti)積小、耗材少、效率高的優點。
自耦變(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)可(ke)以(yi)根據需(xu)要調整電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya),通(tong)過改變(bian)匝數來改變(bian)輸出的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)。在(zai)實(shi)際應(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)中(zhong),自耦變(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)廣泛應(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)于調壓(ya)、控溫、調速、調光、功率(lv)控制等場所(suo),也用(yong)(yong)(yong)于家庭用(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)小型交流穩壓(ya)器(qi)中(zhong)。三相自耦變(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)通(tong)常(chang)結成星形,有一個中(zhong)性點,其降壓(ya)啟動(dong)(dong)的(de)(de)原理是利(li)用(yong)(yong)(yong)自耦變(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)來降低(di)加(jia)在(zai)電(dian)(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)機定子繞組上的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya),達到限制啟動(dong)(dong)電(dian)(dian)(dian)流的(de)(de)目的(de)(de)。
自耦變壓器的內部結(jie)構圖和(he)實物(wu)接線(xian)圖可以更(geng)直觀地(di)展示(shi)其工作原理和(he)應用(yong)。通過這些(xie)圖示(shi),可以清楚地(di)看到初級繞組和(he)次(ci)級繞組是如(ru)何繞在同(tong)一個(ge)鐵(tie)芯上,以及(ji)如(ru)何通過改變匝數來調整輸出電壓的。